LuduminaEN-01 · EN-U1 · Planned
Where energy is stored
Learning objectives
Identify the stores that change in five situations; define a system and justify its boundary.
8463 §§4.1.1.1 / 8464 §§6.1.1.1
DfE single-science pp.34–35 / Combined pp.29–30. Evidence checked 30 September–1 October 2026. Skills: WS1.2,4.1.
Needs firstPreflight P0
Explanation
Choose a system before naming stores. A lifted load and Earth interact gravitationally; a moving cart has kinetic energy. A battery supplies energy from its chemical store. The same object can participate in several stores, and only changes matter in a transfer account.
Concepts, equations and units: Chemical, kinetic, thermal/internal, gravitational, elastic, magnetic, electrostatic and nuclear stores; energy E in J. No new equation.
Prediction, demonstration and game exercise
Predict, observe, explain
Predict which stores change when a weight rises, cart moves, spring stretches or battery powers a heater; reveal before/after diagrams.
Planned learner game exercise
Inspect weights, carts, springs and batteries; place store labels on the relevant object or interacting system.
Independent practice
Explain a kettle and upward-thrown ball with before/after store diagrams.
Original practice example · Shared
A battery powers a lamp. Name a store that decreases and two places energy ends up.
Show working and model answer
Working / reasoning
The battery chemical store decreases; energy transfers electrically to the lamp and then by radiation/heating to surroundings.
Answer
Battery chemical energy decreases; lamp and surroundings gain internal energy, with radiation transferring energy outward.
Exit check and success criteria
Correct four of five store assignments and state a defensible system boundary.
During practice, compare the prediction with evidence and give an error-specific prompt. The exit item uses a fresh context or fresh values, answered independently.
Misconceptions, practical links and mastery
Check these misconceptions
Electricity, light and sound are not energy stores; energy is not a material fluid.
Practical preparation
Optional low-risk demonstrations; not an RP.
Virtual preparation and revision only. Required hands-on activities and school records remain separate.
Proposed mastery
0: not yet evidenced. 1: supported. 2: independent exit criteria met. 3: successful changed-context transfer. Advance at 2; revisit with fresh retrieval. These are not GCSE grades.